Mark Baumann

Office: RLM 9.216
Email: first name last initial at physics.utexas.edu (to email me, can you solve the puzzle?)

I am currently a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Physics at the University of Texas at Austin, where I study astrophysics as a member of the Center for Relativity.

Previously, I completed a Master of Science degree in Computational and Applied Mathematics here at UT's Institute for Computational Engineering and Science.

And once upon a time I was an undergraduate at Duke University, where I completed a Bachelor of Science in Physics and Computer Science.

The image at right is the famous Hubble photograph of the "Pillars of Creation", a star-forming region in the Eagle nebula. This is a nice astrophysical example of the finger-like pattern formed by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability which occurs when two different gases or fluids collide. This is something that I studied in the spring of 2005. Read on for more information on my research.


[Teaching] [Research] [Courses] [Personal] [Links]

Teaching and Outreach

Fall 2009 [PS304] Physical Science: Electricity, Magnetism, and Light
(now as an Assistant Instructor)
Fall 2008 - Summer 2009: GK-12 Fellowship with the Environmental Science Institute

Summer 2008: [P303K] Engineering Physics I
Spring 2008: [P341] Research Methods in Natural Science (UTeach)
Fall 2007: [P341] Research Methods in Natural Science (UTeach)
Spring 2007: [P303K] Engineering Physics I
Fall 2006: [P303L] Engineering Physics II
Summer 2006: [M408K] Differential Calculus
Spring 2006: [P102M] Laboratory for General Physics I (mechanics, heat, and sound)
Fall 2005: [P317L] General Physics II (E&M for pre-meds)
Fall 2003: [M408D] Multivariable Calculus

Other Outreach:

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Research

Relativity

Center for Relativity website

The last major remaining test of Einstein's Theory of Relativity, and the holy grail of modern relativity, is the direct detection of gravitational waves. Even beyond probing and elucidating the fundamental nature of space and time, gravitational wave detection will give us a new window on the universe and usher in a new era in astronomy.
Gravitational waves are propagating ripples in space-time (an artist's rendition is pictured on the right; image taken from the LISA website).

My research involves studying what happens when two black holes collide.
Because gravity waves are weak, and because they must travel great distances to reach our detectors on Earth, an ideal source of detectable waves is a cataclysmic gravitational event, such as the collision of two black holes. Understanding what happens when two black holes collide has been an elusive problem.
My approach is novel in that I'm using a state-of-the-art finite element technique with rational spline basis functions and a nonlinear cutting plane solver, with which I hope to achieve computational results that were previously out-of-reach.

Gravity waves were first indirectly observed in the Nobel prize-winning work by Hulse and Taylor in the 1970's. Modern detectors are being built to detect them directly, such as LIGO at Caltech, LISA by NASA and ESA, and others around the world like VIRGO in Italy.

My advisors on this project are Professor Richard Matzner and Professor Tom Hughes.

Chaos

Center for Nonlinear Dynamics website

Nonlinear Dynamics is more popularly known as "Chaos Theory".

I work with the Granular Media group. We study the complex motions of granular media (such as sand). The long term goal is to develop a statistical mechanical description of granular media, including temperature, entropy, phase transitions, and so on.
My project aims to measure granular temperature and it utilizes speckle visibility spectroscopy, which involves shining a laser through the medium to probe the motion of the particles within.

My advisor on this project is Professor Harry Swinney

Astrophysics & Cosmology

The Astrophysics Theory group and the Galaxy Formation group.

The ultimate goal of this research is to answer a question that has existed as long as civilization: How did we get here? More specifically, how did the universe evolve from the time of the Big Bang into the galactic and extra-galactic structure it has today? What are the origins of galaxies? And, what role do dark matter and radiation play?
This project in particular investigates the influence that radiation had on the early universe during the period of reionization. This is done by incorporating radiative transfer into an astrophysical gas dynamics simulation.
The image at right, generated by Marcelo Alvarez, is the simulation's depiction of the web-like large scale structure in the universe.

This work is supervised by Professor Paul Shapiro.

Before coming to UT, I was employed by the Theoretical Astrophysics Center at the University of California Berkeley Astronomy Department.

At TAC, I worked with the Berkeley Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics group on supercomputer (courtesy of the San Diego Supercomputing Center) simulations of star formation, and in particular wanted to answer: Why are binary star systems so common?
The image at right is a real-world example of a star-forming region, the Orion Nebula. This photo was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope.

This work was supervised by Professor Chris McKee.

Graphics & Simulation

In 2004 I was a Research Assistant for the Computational Visualization Center. They have some very nice visualizations in their Gallery.

Currently, I am interested in physically-based simulation and their applications to special effects and computer games. My current work focuses on developing a method for simulating smoke. Methods already exist to quickly and realistically simulate the complicated vortices and details of smoke, for example the image at right which is taken from work by Ron Fedkiw. I am also interested in animations of water, fire, and cloth; see Fedkiw's page for more examples.
One shortcoming in current smoke animation methods is their inability to resolve details at a fine enough level to allow smoke to seep through a crack. I'm looking into developing a hybrid method that will do this.

This work is supervised by Professor Okan Arikan

As an undergraduate at Duke, I wrote a senior thesis in appearance-preserving model simplification. In other words: given a complex polygonal model for use in a graphics or simulation application, can we automatically reduce the number of polygons in the model (and thereby make it faster to compute with) without changing its overall shape and appearance?

The image at right, inspired both by Picasso's "Taureau (seri)" painting ("series of bulls") and by Garland and Heckbert's seminal paper on the topic, was generated by my software. The first image is the original model, with 5804 polygons. The next image is the output after simplification to 994 polygons, and the third image has only 532 polygons. Notice the similarity in appearance despite a factor-of-10 reduction in complexity! The last two images have 248 and 64 polygons, respectively.

That project was supervised by Pankaj Agarwal.

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Courses

Dept & Number Course Professor
(All courses graduate level)

Fall 2009

Aerospace Engineering [388P]
(audit)
Celestial Mechanics I Cesar Ocampo

Fall 2008

Astronomy [380E] Radiative Processes in Astrophysics Pawan Kumar

Spring 2008

Physics [396P] String Theory Jacques Distler
Physics [382N] Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Jack Swift

Fall 2007

Physics [396K] Quantum Field Theory I Vadim Kaplunovsky
Mathematics [393C] Partial Differential Equations Alexis Vasseur

Summer 2007

Physics [380N] Experimental Physics Harry Swinney

Spring 2007

Physics [385L] Statistical Mechanics Allan MacDonald
Physics [387L] Relativistic Electromagnetic Theory Herbert Berk
Physics [396T] Cosmology II Steven Weinberg

Fall 2006

Physics [396J] Modern Elementary Particle Physics Charles Chiu
Physics [396T] Cosmology I Steven Weinberg
Mathematics [382C] Algebraic Topology Alan Reid
Computer Science [395T] Computer Animation Okan Arikan

Summer 2006

Physics [380N] Experimental Physics Harry Swinney

Spring 2006

Physics [389K] Quantum Mechanics Takeshi Udagawa
Physics [387M] General Relativity Richard Matzner
Applied Mathematics [397M] Nonlinear Static and Dynamic Finite Element Analysis Thomas J.R. Hughes

Fall 2005

Physics [385K] Classical Mechanics Takeshi Udagawa
Physics [394T] Formation of Galaxies and Large-scale Structure Paul Shapiro
Computer Science [395T] Parallel Computing for Science and Engineering Kent Milfeld
Physics [398T] Supervised Teaching in Physics Peter Riley

Spring 2005

Astronomy [381] Astrophysical Gas Dynamics II Paul Shapiro
Applied Mathematics [385D] Methods of Applied Mathematics II Todd Arbogast
Applied Mathematics [393N] Numerical Methods for Flow and Transport Graham Carey
Engineering Mechanics [397] Stabilized and Multiscale Methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics Thomas J.R. Hughes

Fall 2004

Astronomy [382C] Astrophysical Gas Dynamics I Paul Shapiro
Applied Mathematics [385C] Methods of Applied Mathematics I Irene Gamba
Civil Engineering [381R] The Finite Element Method Loukas Kallivokas

Spring 2004

Engineering Mechanics [386L] Mathematical Methods in Applied Mechanics II Linda Hayes
Applied Mathematics [383D] Numerical Analysis II: Interpolation, Approximation, Quadrature, Diff Eqns Alan Cline
Astronomy [381] Black Holes Edward Robinson
Applied Mathematics [393C] Conference Course: Banach Spaces Leszek Demkowicz

Fall 2003

Applied Mathematics [386M] Functional Analysis in Theoretical Mechanics Leszek Demkowicz
Applied Mathematics [383C] Numerical Analysis I: Linear Algebra Alan Cline
Applied Mathematics [397] Introduction to Mathematical Modeling J. Tinsley Oden
Mathematics [398T] Supervised Teaching in Mathematics Efraim Armendariz

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Personal Activities

Brazilian Jiu-jitsu & Martial Arts

I am a blue belt under Phil Cardella, who is a black belt under 8th degree Master Relson Gracie.
Here is a picture of the three of us when I was promoted to blue belt (also pictured at right).
I'm also a practitioner of kickboxing, Muay Thai, and Aikido.
I closely follow UFC and other mixed martial arts events because I am interested in what techniques are most practical in real-world defense situations.
In the summer of 2003, I visited Rio de Janeiro to train with the Gracie family and also with 4-time black belt world champion Daniel Moraes. Here is a brief photo journal of my trip.

If you are looking to start training in the Austin area, I've compiled this list of schools and clubs.

For the record, I do not think violence is an acceptable means of resolving conflict. However, I think self-defense is a vital skill (I encourage everyone to get involved, including women), and the sport of physical combat involves a great deal of quick thinking, emotional calm under stress, quick wits, and strategy and can foster comraderie with and respect for your opponent while challenging your mind, body, and spirit.

Safeplace

I've been both a volunteer and an employee for Safeplace, a non-profit organization devoted to ending violence. The functions of Safeplace are many: a shelter for survivors of domestic violence as well as a support network for family members, children, and survivors of domestic violence and sexual assault through counseling, crisis intervention, after-school programs, hospital visitation, and legal advice. My role has been counseling and crisis intervention.

If you or anyone you know needs help or just has questions, call (512) 267-SAFE (available 24 hours a day). See also the Safeplace website for more information.
If you are on campus, see also the UT organization Voices Against Violence.

Outdoors

To put it simply, I love the great outdoors. It's difficult to sit in my office on a beautiful, sunny Austin day. However, I do think physics and the outdoors go hand in hand: either way I get to enjoy the beauty of nature. Some of my favorite activites include:
  • Rock Climbing
    There are many excellent places to climb in Austin. Enchanted Rock Online has information about where to climb in Central Texas, and puts out a guidebook that lists all climbing walls and routes.
  • Waterskiing
    I've been doing this almost as long as I've been walking, and I've competed in a few competitions. My events are slalom and jump (slalom depicted at right). I once was a member of the Duke Waterski Team and later the Texas Waterski Team.
  • Hiking and Backpacking
    Austin affords you many opportunities to get outside and go hiking without even leaving the city limits. The Austin Outside Guide is a nice resource, as is the City of Austin Parks and Recreation Department. In particular, this page from Parks and Recreation has links to two great maps of Town Lake (pdf) and the Barton Creek Greenbelt (pdf).

Living with Disabilities

When I was at Berkeley I had the pleasure of sharing my office with friend and colleague Jesse Leaman, who is a quadriplegic. His story is a powerful one. Paralyzed in an accident at age 18, he cannot move his body at all except for very limited mobility in his head and right hand. Inspired by his situation, I wanted to help. Together we started developing technology to make life in his wheelchair an easier one. We began with a rearview camera (click the link for a webpage), which we built in 2003. Since then Jesse has added on to the system to create what he now calls the Gryphon shield, which was named one of the top 25 inventions of 2007 by the National Inventors Hall of Fame and the History Channel.

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